The Liberal government recently released its 2018 Budget, which aligns with Finance Minister Bill Morneau's forecast from October 2017. Overall, the budget aims to narrow the deficit to $18.1 billion; however, there is no target date for a return to balance.
The fiscal plan heavily emphasizes gender equality while scaling back $7.2 billion of the government's infrastructure program.
Businesses and individuals should be aware of major budgetary items as some changes could have a significant impact moving forward. Major takeaways include the following.
The Deficit
The budget notes that the federal deficit will be $18.1 billion in 2018-19. This figure includes a $2 billion risk adjustment buffer and will likely decline slowly over the next several years.
Parental Leave
The government is proposing a $1.2 billion investment over five years to create a five-week "use-it-or-lose-it" incentive for new fathers to take parental leave. The benefit would increase employment insurance (EI) parental leave to a maximum of 40 weeks in cases where the second parent agrees to take at least five weeks off. The budget also allocates $90 million over three years to ensure that claimants continue to receive timely and accurate benefit payments.
Other EI Changes of note include the following:
- Employees will now be able to work while receiving EI benefits. This is especially helpful for those looking to return to work progressively.
- The government will re-examine phone and online services for the Canada Revenue Agency, the Canadian Border Services Agency and the EI program in hopes of improving them overall.
Tax changes
The 2018 budget includes a number of tax-related provisions, including the following.
There will be a gradual reduction in access to small business tax rates, particularly for corporations with significant passive investments. When companies earn between $50,000 and $150,000 in a given year from passive investments, a reduced amount of the active business income will be eligible for the small business tax rate (9 per cent starting in 2019).
New measures will limit tax advantages for larger, private corporations. Together with restrictions on income sprinkling, this change will add $925 million annually to government reserves by 2022.
New rules will prevent banks and other financial institutions from gaining a tax advantage through artificial losses. This is expected to generate $560 million by 2022.
Canada Workers Benefit
The budget proposes a revamped tax credit program to increase the take-home pay of low-income workers. This program which begins in 2019, will be known as the Canada Workers Benefit and is designed to increase maximum benefits as well as raise the income level at which benefits are phased out. Under the Canada Workers Benefit, a single parent or couple earning $25,000 a year could receive as much as $717 more from the program in 2019 than in 2018.
Gender Equality
In order to promote equality, new funding is included in the budget to encourage both parents to share parental leave. In addition, the budget emphasizes proactive pay equity legislation. This includes a $3 million investment over five years for pay transparency measures aimed at closing the wage gap among federal workers and in federally regulated sectors.
Infrastructure
While the government has said infrastructure spending is the key to boosting Canada's growth rate, $7.2 billion will be moved out of the previous year's budget to fund other departmental spending. Chief among the reallocated dollars, the government announced a $4 billion investment in benefits for veterans. Despite scaling back, the government will resume infrastructure spending in the 2019-20 year when the government projects $1.4 billion in additional spending across three different programs.
National Drug Program
The 2018 budget sets aside funds to establish the Advisor Council on the Implementation of National Pharmacare. This council will be led by Eric Hoskins, a former Ontario health minister, and will explore the pros and cons of a national drug program. Experts estimate that the government's plan to provide Canadians with drug coverage could cost $20.4 billion annually.
Research, Science, and Innovation
To encourage innovation, the budget includes a $4 billion investment in Canada's research system. These funds will be used to give scientists and researchers access to new tools, technology, and facilities. As part of this investment, the government is looking to simplify its innovative programs and create a simple system for entrepreneurs to receive guidance.
Cyber Security
The budget allocates $508 million through 2022-24 to create a new Canadian Centre for Cyber Security. Click here to learn more about how Cyber Liability Insurance can help protect your business.
In general, the 2018 budget continues the government's focus on building the middle class.
